Punctuation
- 1 Periods
- 2 Question Mark
- 3 Exclamation Point
- 4 Parentheses, Braces and Brackets
- 5 Forward slash (Virgule)
- 6 Hyphens
- 6.1 Hyphenating compound modifiers
- 6.2 Hyphenating word division
- 6.3 Hyphenating adverbs ending in -ly
- 6.4 Hyphenating prefixes
- 6.5 Hyphenating suffixes
- 6.6 Hyphenating disease entities used as modifiers
- 6.7 Hyphenating proper adjectives
- 6.8 Hyphenating Latin expressions
- 6.9 Hyphenating letter or number modifiers
- 6.10 Hyphenating compound official titles
- 6.11 Hyphenating special combinations
- 6.12 Hyphenating temporary compounds
- 6.13 Commonly hyphenated phrases
- 6.14 Hyphenating noun combinations
- 6.15 Hyphenating compounds starting with a number
- 6.16 Hyphenating compound possessive nouns
- 6.17 Hyphenating prefixes preceding a proper noun
- 6.18 Suspensive hyphens
- 6.19 Hyphenating compound numbers
- 6.20 Hyphenating number ranges
- 6.21 Hyphenating letter-number-symbol combinations
- 6.22 Hyphenating eponymic names
- 6.23 Hyphenating complementary adjectives
- 6.24 Hyphenating proper and common noun combination
- 7 The Comma
- 7.1 Using a comma to separate two or more adjectives
- 7.2 Commas in a simple series
- 7.3 Commas and independent clauses
- 7.4 Commas and introductory dependent clauses
- 7.5 Commas and introductory elements
- 7.6 Using commas with dates
- 7.7 Commas and titles
- 7.8 Commas and Geographic Names and Addresses
- 7.9 Commas in units of measure
- 7.10 Commas in drug dosages and instructions
- 7.11 Commas in laboratory values
- 7.12 Commas in dialogue
- 7.13 Commas to indicate omitted words
- 7.14 Commas in nonessential expressions
- 7.15 Commas and interrupting elements
- 7.16 Commas used with appositive expressions
- 7.17 Commas to set off afterthoughts
- 7.18 Commas and transitional expressions
- 7.19 Genetics and chromosome punctuation
- 8 Colons and Semicolons
- 8.1 Using a colon between independent clauses
- 8.2 Using a colon before lists and enumerations
- 8.3 Using colons in expressions of time
- 8.4 Using colons to express a ratio
- 8.5 Using colons to set off titles and other elements
- 8.6 Using colons in references
- 8.7 Capitalizing after a colon
- 8.8 Using a semicolon between independent clauses
- 8.9 Using semicolons with transitional expressions
- 8.10 Using a semicolon in a complex series
- 9 Quotation Marks
Punctuation marks are the visual means for making the meaning of a sentence clearly understood in the absence of visual cues. They indicate the proper relationship between words, phrases and clauses.
Major punctuation marks:
The periodThe question mark
The exclamation point
The comma
The semicolon
The colon
Other punctuation marks:
The dashparentheses
Quotation marks
